Global warming
Global warming , also referred to as climate change , is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth 's climate system and its related effects. Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. [2] [3] [4] Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented in the instrumental temperature record , and in paleoclimate proxy records of climate change over thousands to millions of years. [5]
Page Revisions
| Year | Metadata | Sections | Top Words | First Paragraph |
| 2018 |
632563 characters 33 sections 73 paragraphs 43 images 713 internal links 540 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) |
clouds 0.204 forcings 0.141 feedbacks 0.137 warming 0.128 gases 0.122 models 0.122 arctic 0.120 greenhouse 0.112 aerosols 0.109 amplification 0.103 emissions 0.103 surface 0.096 system 0.090 troposphere 0.088 differing 0.077 |
Global warming , also referred to as climate change , is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth 's climate system and its related effects. Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. [2] [3] [4] Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented in the instrumental temperature record , and in paleoclimate proxy records of climate change over thousands to millions of years. [5] |
| 2017 |
655594 characters 38 sections 92 paragraphs 40 images 685 internal links 590 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) 5. Observed and expected environmental effects 6. Observed and expected effects on social systems 7. Possible responses to global warming |
clouds 0.187 forcings 0.144 warming 0.135 ice 0.117 models 0.108 surface 0.106 permafrost 0.106 feedbacks 0.102 emissions 0.101 aerosols 0.100 ocean 0.097 greenhouse 0.096 gases 0.095 extremes 0.088 sea 0.087 |
Global warming , also referred to as climate change , is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth 's climate system and its related effects. [1] [2] Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. [3] [4] [5] Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented in the instrumental temperature record which extends back to the mid-19th century, and in paleoclimate proxy records covering thousands of years. [6] |
| 2016 |
635780 characters 36 sections 89 paragraphs 45 images 676 internal links 535 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) 5. Observed and expected environmental effects 6. Observed and expected effects on social systems 7. Possible responses to global warming |
clouds 0.194 warming 0.137 forcings 0.134 permafrost 0.110 feedbacks 0.106 surface 0.106 aerosols 0.104 gases 0.103 emissions 0.102 ice 0.102 ocean 0.101 greenhouse 0.100 models 0.099 projections 0.089 knew 0.084 |
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects. [2] [3] Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. [4] [5] [6] Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into the oceans. The rest has melted ice and warmed the continents and atmosphere . [7] [a] Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over tens to thousands of years. [8] |
| 2015 |
607812 characters 36 sections 90 paragraphs 42 images 649 internal links 507 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) 5. Observed and expected environmental effects 6. Observed and expected effects on social systems 7. Possible responses to global warming |
clouds 0.200 warming 0.143 permafrost 0.113 feedbacks 0.110 ocean 0.109 aerosols 0.107 models 0.107 ice 0.105 emissions 0.096 extremes 0.094 gases 0.093 forcings 0.092 projections 0.092 greenhouse 0.087 knew 0.087 |
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects. [2] |
| 2014 |
567819 characters 30 sections 71 paragraphs 43 images 660 internal links 440 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) 5. Observed and expected environmental effects 6. Observed and expected effects on social systems 7. Possible responses to global warming |
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Global warming and climate change both refer to the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects. Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. [2] [3] More than 90% of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming; the remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. [4] [a] The observed increases in global average surface temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide have been much faster in recent decades than the natural changes of previous millennia, and levels are now higher than at any time for hundreds of thousands of years prior. [5] [6] |
| 2013 |
582942 characters 30 sections 74 paragraphs 43 images 676 internal links 444 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) 5. Observed and expected environmental effects 6. Observed and expected effects on social systems 7. Proposed policy responses to global warming |
link 0.200 clouds 0.171 7002275149999999999 0.160 particulates 0.133 warming 0.124 yields 0.120 poll 0.109 emissions 0.109 forcings 0.109 0 0.099 models 0.099 feedbacks 0.099 projections 0.093 ice 0.091 greenhouse 0.090 |
Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980. [2] Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are 95-100% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation . [3] [4] [5] These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations. [6] [A] |
| 2012 |
525337 characters 29 sections 76 paragraphs 37 images 583 internal links 401 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) 5. Observed and expected environmental effects 6. Observed and expected effects on social systems |
poll 0.174 permafrost 0.170 7002275149999999999 0.159 link 0.156 clouds 0.139 particulates 0.132 warming 0.131 emissions 0.123 yields 0.119 aware 0.106 feedback 0.095 gases 0.094 models 0.094 forcings 0.093 greenhouse 0.092 |
Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980. [2] Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation . [3] [4] [5] [6] These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all major industrialized nations. [7] [A] |
| 2011 |
467567 characters 28 sections 71 paragraphs 32 images 440 internal links 382 external links |
1. Observed temperature changes 2. Initial causes of temperature changes (external forcings) |
poll 0.199 link 0.173 permafrost 0.173 7002275149999999999 0.161 clouds 0.157 particulates 0.134 geoengineering 0.134 emissions 0.125 warming 0.123 aware 0.108 solar 0.107 gases 0.104 forcing 0.100 greenhouse 0.098 feedback 0.096 |
Global warming refers to the rising average temperature of Earth 's atmosphere and oceans and its projected continuation. In the last 100 years, Earth's average surface temperature increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F) with about two thirds of the increase occurring over just the last three decades. [2] Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain most of it is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels . [3] [4] [5] [6] These findings are recognized by the national science academies of all the major industrialized countries. [7] [A] |
| 2010 |
388380 characters 25 sections 48 paragraphs 29 images 433 internal links 245 external links |
5. Attributed and expected effects |
link 0.206 clouds 0.204 aerosols 0.156 forcing 0.118 gases 0.118 feedback 0.113 greenhouse 0.109 radiative 0.106 warming 0.105 cosmic 0.105 aware 0.105 models 0.100 debate 0.091 emissions 0.090 solar 0.089 |
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth 's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. According to the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 ° C (1.33 ± 0.32 ° F ) during the 20th century. [2] [A] Most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the 20th century has been caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases , which result from human activity such as the burning of fossil fuel and deforestation . [3] Global dimming , a result of increasing concentrations of atmospheric aerosols that block sunlight from reaching the surface, has partially countered the effects of warming induced by greenhouse gases. |
| 2009 |
359949 characters 20 sections 46 paragraphs 24 images 456 internal links 235 external links |
2. External forcing of climate 5. Attributed and expected effects |
clouds 0.167 geoengineering 0.143 link 0.134 gases 0.126 warming 0.125 solar 0.121 greenhouse 0.118 aerosols 0.116 radiation 0.111 cosmic 0.107 aware 0.107 0 0.105 feedback 0.102 models 0.102 forcing 0.096 |
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 ° C (1.33 ± 0.32 ° F ) between the start and the end of the 20th century. [1] [A] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the 20th century was caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases resulting from human activity such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation . [1] The IPCC also concludes that variations in natural phenomena such as solar radiation and volcanism produced most of the warming from pre-industrial times to 1950 and had a small cooling effect afterward. [2] [3] These basic conclusions have been endorsed by more than 40 scientific societies and academies of science , [B] including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries . [4] |
| 2008 |
383861 characters 20 sections 60 paragraphs 16 images 544 internal links 244 external links |
6. Attributed and expected effects |
feedback 0.224 cosmic 0.156 cooling 0.155 link 0.151 tonne 0.128 percent 0.127 greenhouse 0.122 models 0.116 solar 0.115 rays 0.112 clouds 0.110 warming 0.106 colleagues 0.103 clathrate 0.103 height 0.103 |
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth 's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. |
| 2007 |
328043 characters 19 sections 58 paragraphs 20 images 472 internal links 182 external links |
5. Attributed and expected effects |
feedback 0.176 cooling 0.160 template 0.144 tonne 0.144 cosmic 0.140 solar 0.139 warming 0.127 clouds 0.123 greenhouse 0.119 kyoto 0.106 exert 0.105 rays 0.100 gases 0.100 forcing 0.095 models 0.095 |
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation. |
| 2006 |
203163 characters 32 sections 85 paragraphs 21 images 462 internal links 171 external links |
2. Historical warming of the Earth |
solar 0.173 ice 0.132 warming 0.131 hurricanes 0.119 carbon 0.118 dioxide 0.102 methane 0.101 models 0.093 al 0.090 cooling 0.088 kyoto 0.088 scandinavia 0.087 feedback 0.083 stern 0.083 glaciers 0.078 |
Global warming is the observed increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans in recent decades. The Earth's average near-surface atmospheric temperature rose 0.6 ± 0.2 ° Celsius (1.1 ± 0.4 ° Fahrenheit ) in the 20th century. [1] |
| 2005 |
77397 characters 26 sections 48 paragraphs 11 images 166 internal links 56 external links |
dioxide 0.176 carbon 0.171 models 0.134 warming 0.130 clouds 0.129 predict 0.109 ice 0.109 hurricanes 0.108 accept 0.108 ch4 0.103 solar 0.100 discussion 0.095 malaria 0.095 temperature 0.090 adding 0.089 |
Global warming is an increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans . The term is also used for the more specific scientific theory of anthropogenic global warming , which states that much of the recent observed and projected global warming is human-induced. The theory states that this is a result of a strengthened greenhouse effect caused by man-made increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases , through the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation . The natural greenhouse effect keeps the Earth 30 ° C warmer than it otherwise would be; adding carbon dioxide to an atmosphere, with no other changes, will make a planet's surface warmer. Current research is attempting to find out more details about the processes and factors that would affect a temperature increase especially about positive and negative feedback mechanisms, to allow a more precise quantification of the effects of global warming. |
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| 2004 |
74862 characters 23 sections 56 paragraphs 3 images 149 internal links 90 external links |
3. Theories to explain temperature change |
skeptics 0.325 clouds 0.211 theory 0.197 solar 0.195 forcing 0.134 warming 0.124 models 0.116 cosmic 0.108 predict 0.108 arrhenius 0.103 temperature 0.093 theories 0.093 warmed 0.093 critics 0.093 vapor 0.088 |
Global warming is an increase over time of the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans . Global warming theories attempt to account for the documented rise in average global temperatures since the late 19th century (0.6 ± 0.2°C) [1] and assess the extent to which the effects are due to human causes, principally emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) increasing the " greenhouse effect ." All climate models currently predict that if the only variable considered is human emission of greenhouse gases , then this will cause temperatures to increase in the future; however the precise magnitude of these increases is still uncertain. |
| 2003 |
45363 characters 22 sections 48 paragraphs 1 images 108 internal links 51 external links |
6. Historical temperature record 7. Evidence for a current warming period 8. Evidence against a current warming period |
solar 0.158 drift 0.152 theory 0.151 warming 0.140 theories 0.130 temperature 0.126 forcing 0.119 1910 0.109 conclusion 0.109 20th 0.108 astronomer 0.101 qualitative 0.101 quick 0.101 baliunas 0.101 environmentalist 0.101 |
Global warming is an increase over time of the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans . It is generally used to describe the temperature rise over the past century or so, and the effects of humans on the temperature. The more neutral term climate change is usually used to describe previous natural variations. The term may be used to describe theories explaining such an increase or the crisis that many advocates say will arise if no one does anything to prevent such an increase from occurring. |
| 2002 |
32066 characters 8 sections 45 paragraphs 0 images 98 internal links 25 external links |
1. Historical temperature record 2. Evidence for a current warming period 3. Evidence against a current warming period 6. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 7. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol |
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Global warming is an increase over time of the average temperature of Earth 's atmosphere , particularly such an increase leading to a worldwide harm to the environment and damage to agriculture (see global warming hypothesis ). |
| 2001 |
23077 characters 5 sections 99 paragraphs 0 images 53 internal links 7 external links |
4. The work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol |
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Global warming is a world-wide climatic phenomenon--the average global surface temperature increased over the last 150 years. |