Holocene extinction
The Holocene extinction , otherwise referred to as the Sixth extinction or Anthropocene extinction , is the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch , mainly as a result of human activity. [1] The large number of extinctions spans numerous families of plants and animals , including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . With widespread degradation of highly biodiverse habitats such as coral reefs and rainforests , as well as other areas, the vast majority of these extinctions are thought to be undocumented , as no one is even aware of the existence of the species before they go extinct, or no one has yet discovered their extinction. The current rate of extinction of species is estimated at 100 to 1,000 times higher than natural background rates. [2] [3]
Page Revisions
| Year | Metadata | Sections | Top Words | First Paragraph |
| 2018 |
486011 characters 25 sections 57 paragraphs 25 images 702 internal links 318 external links |
extinction 0.433 megafauna 0.318 arrival 0.206 megafaunal 0.201 extinctions 0.192 extinct 0.175 holocene 0.163 pleistocene 0.132 species 0.130 humans 0.110 anthropocene 0.097 hunting 0.094 bird 0.082 continent 0.081 birds 0.081 |
The Holocene extinction , otherwise referred to as the Sixth extinction or Anthropocene extinction , is the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch , mainly as a result of human activity. [1] The large number of extinctions spans numerous families of plants and animals , including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . With widespread degradation of highly biodiverse habitats such as coral reefs and rainforests , as well as other areas, the vast majority of these extinctions are thought to be undocumented , as no one is even aware of the existence of the species before they go extinct, or no one has yet discovered their extinction. The current rate of extinction of species is estimated at 100 to 1,000 times higher than natural background rates. [2] [3] |
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| 2017 |
451205 characters 23 sections 52 paragraphs 25 images 677 internal links 271 external links |
extinction 0.422 megafauna 0.330 arrival 0.214 megafaunal 0.208 extinctions 0.199 extinct 0.173 holocene 0.169 pleistocene 0.137 species 0.126 humans 0.110 anthropocene 0.100 hunting 0.098 bird 0.085 continent 0.084 animals 0.077 |
The Holocene extinction , otherwise referred to as the Sixth extinction or Anthropocene extinction , is the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch , mainly as a result of human activity. [1] The large number of extinctions spans numerous families of plants and animals , including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . With widespread degradation of highly biodiverse habitats such as coral reefs and rainforest , as well as other areas, the vast majority of these extinctions is thought to be undocumented . The current rate of extinction of species is estimated at 100 to 1,000 times higher than natural background rates. |
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| 2016 |
368245 characters 36 sections 59 paragraphs 31 images 788 internal links 167 external links |
1. Human influence on extinction 3. Prehistoric extinctions (60,000 BCE-3500 BCE) 4. Extinctions into the Common Era (3500 BCE-1500 CE) |
extinction 0.394 extinctions 0.288 megafauna 0.270 holocene 0.266 extinct 0.192 arrival 0.190 species 0.156 pleistocene 0.138 birds 0.124 anthropocene 0.112 hunting 0.109 megafaunal 0.097 humans 0.092 continent 0.083 fauna 0.083 |
The Holocene extinction , otherwise referred to as the Sixth extinction [1] or Anthropocene extinction , [2] is the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch (11,700 years before AD 2000) mainly due to human activity. [3] [4] [5] The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources , [6] with widespread degradation of highly biodiverse habitats such as coral reefs and rainforest , as well as other areas, the vast majority are thought to be undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year, [7] making it the greatest loss of biodiversity since the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event . |
| 2015 |
171882 characters 15 sections 29 paragraphs 13 images 494 internal links 60 external links |
2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinction 0.494 extinctions 0.355 megafauna 0.250 extinct 0.249 holocene 0.174 pleistocene 0.153 species 0.144 clovis 0.143 birds 0.134 arrival 0.117 anthropocene 0.115 culture 0.088 humans 0.081 hunting 0.077 amphibians 0.071 |
The Holocene extinction , sometimes called the Sixth Extinction , is a name proposed to describe the ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BCE) mainly due to human activity. The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources , [1] the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year. [2] |
| 2014 |
164359 characters 13 sections 25 paragraphs 15 images 491 internal links 47 external links |
2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinction 0.479 extinctions 0.350 extinct 0.277 megafauna 0.260 holocene 0.195 pleistocene 0.159 clovis 0.148 mammoth 0.148 birds 0.139 species 0.137 arrival 0.122 anthropocene 0.119 culture 0.091 clarification 0.087 humans 0.084 |
The Holocene extinction , sometimes called the Sixth Extinction , is a name proposed to describe the extinction event of species that has occurred during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BCE) mainly due to human activity. The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources , [1] the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year. [2] |
| 2013 |
159172 characters 12 sections 23 paragraphs 10 images 478 internal links 46 external links |
2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinction 0.473 extinctions 0.382 megafauna 0.269 extinct 0.248 holocene 0.187 pleistocene 0.165 clovis 0.154 birds 0.145 species 0.136 arrival 0.126 anthropocene 0.123 mammoth 0.115 culture 0.095 humans 0.087 hunting 0.083 |
The Holocene extinction , sometimes called the Sixth Extinction , is a name proposed to describe the extinction event of species that has occurred during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BC). The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources , [1] the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year. [2] |
| 2012 |
132587 characters 12 sections 22 paragraphs 9 images 410 internal links 40 external links |
2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinction 0.446 extinctions 0.304 extinct 0.282 megafauna 0.262 holocene 0.195 pleistocene 0.188 arrival 0.179 birds 0.164 fauna 0.156 mega 0.143 anthropocene 0.140 species 0.125 arthropods 0.087 clovis 0.087 theory 0.087 |
The Holocene extinction is the extinction of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BC). The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods . Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources , [1] the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, up to 140,000 species per year may be the present rate of extinction. [2] |
| 2011 |
118636 characters 12 sections 21 paragraphs 6 images 398 internal links 34 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events 2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinction 0.454 extinctions 0.387 megafauna 0.275 pleistocene 0.262 extinct 0.251 holocene 0.223 birds 0.172 anthropocene 0.147 species 0.116 epoch 0.098 arthropods 0.092 boundary 0.088 commentators 0.088 1500 0.088 mammals 0.080 |
The Holocene extinction refers to the extinction of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BC). The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods ; a sizeable fraction of these extinctions are occurring in the rainforests . 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . [1] However, most extinctions go undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, up to 140,000 species per year may be the present rate of extinction. [2] |
| 2010 |
112692 characters 12 sections 21 paragraphs 6 images 377 internal links 27 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events 2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinctions 0.425 extinction 0.408 extinct 0.275 holocene 0.244 pleistocene 0.216 megafauna 0.201 birds 0.189 anthropocene 0.161 species 0.127 epoch 0.108 arthropods 0.100 boundary 0.097 commentators 0.097 1500 0.097 mammals 0.088 |
The Holocene extinction is the widespread, ongoing extinction of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BC). The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods ; a sizeable fraction of these extinctions are occurring in the rainforests . Between 1500 and 2009, 875 extinctions have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . [1] However, most extinctions go undocumented. According to the Species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, up to 140,000 species per year may be the present rate of extinction. [2] |
| 2009 |
90791 characters 12 sections 19 paragraphs 7 images 256 internal links 17 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events 2. Ongoing Holocene extinction |
extinctions 0.418 extinction 0.371 extinct 0.295 holocene 0.240 pleistocene 0.212 megafauna 0.198 anthropocene 0.190 ce 0.162 birds 0.159 species 0.133 biologists 0.122 epoch 0.106 arthropods 0.099 boundary 0.095 commentators 0.095 |
The Holocene extinction is the widespread, ongoing extinction of species during the present Holocene epoch . The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods ; a sizeable fraction of these extinctions are occurring in the rainforests . Between 1500 and 2009 CE , 875 extinctions have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . [1] However, since most extinctions go undocumented, scientists estimate that during the 20th century, between 20,000 and two million species actually became extinct, but the precise total cannot be determined more accurately within the limits of present knowledge. Up to 140,000 species per year (based on Species-area theory ) [2] may be the present rate of extinction based upon upper bound estimating. |
| 2008 |
79115 characters 11 sections 18 paragraphs 7 images 246 internal links 13 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events |
extinction 0.475 extinctions 0.341 extinct 0.341 megafauna 0.211 ce 0.173 birds 0.170 event 0.164 pleistocene 0.151 species 0.151 holocene 0.149 biologists 0.130 arthropods 0.105 1500 0.101 modern 0.089 estimating 0.086 |
The Holocene extinction event is the widespread, ongoing mass extinction of species during the modern Holocene epoch . The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods ; a sizeable fraction of these extinctions are occurring in the rainforests . This extinction event is sometimes referred to as the sixth extinction following the previous five extinction events. Between 1500 and 2006 CE , 784 extinctions have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . [1] However, since most extinctions are likely to go undocumented, scientists estimate that during the 20th century, between 20,000 and two million species became extinct, but the precise total cannot be determined more accurately within the limits of present knowledge. Up to 140,000 species per year (based on Species-area theory ) [2] may be the present rate of extinction based upon upper bound estimating. |
| 2007 |
71090 characters 18 sections 31 paragraphs 6 images 204 internal links 9 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events |
extinctions 0.450 extinction 0.419 extinct 0.281 megafauna 0.264 pleistocene 0.162 mammals 0.154 genera 0.151 event 0.139 biologists 0.124 holocene 0.122 birds 0.121 clovis 0.113 megafaunal 0.113 species 0.108 arrival 0.093 |
The Holocene extinction event is a name customarily given to the widespread, ongoing mass extinction of species during the modern Holocene epoch . The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals , birds , amphibians , reptiles and arthropods ; a sizeable fraction of these extinctions are occurring in the rainforests . This extinction event is sometimes referred to as the sixth extinction following the previous five extinction events. Since 1500 CE , 784 extinctions have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . [1] However, since most extinctions are likely to go undocumented, scientists estimate that during the last century, between 20,000 and two million species have become extinct, but the precise total cannot be determined more accurately within the limits of present knowledge. Up to 140,000 species per year (based on Species-area theory ) [2] may be the present rate of extinction based upon upper bound estimating. |
| 2006 |
48337 characters 18 sections 31 paragraphs 7 images 163 internal links 5 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events |
extinctions 0.488 extinction 0.404 extinct 0.271 megafauna 0.254 pleistocene 0.208 event 0.155 genera 0.145 mammals 0.127 biologists 0.119 holocene 0.118 clovis 0.109 megafaunal 0.109 birds 0.098 arrival 0.089 culture 0.089 |
The Holocene extinction event is a name customarily given to the widespread, ongoing mass extinction of species during the modern Holocene epoch . The extinctions vary from mammoths to dodos , to numerous species in the rainforest dying every year. Because the rate of this extinction event appears to be much more rapid than the "Big Five" mass extinctions, it is also known as the Sixth Extinction . Since 1500 AD, 698 extinctions have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources [1] . However, since most extinctions are likely to go undocumented, scientists estimate that during the last century, between 20,000 and two million species have become extinct, but the precise total cannot be determined more accurately within the limits of present knowledge. Up to 140,000 species per year (based on Species-area theory ) [2] may be the present rate of extinction based upon upper bound estimating. |
| 2005 |
34993 characters 16 sections 31 paragraphs 0 images 143 internal links 4 external links |
1. The prehistoric extinction events |
extinction 0.449 extinctions 0.419 megafauna 0.307 extinct 0.267 event 0.163 megafaunal 0.153 mammals 0.134 biologists 0.126 holocene 0.124 birds 0.103 arrival 0.094 culture 0.094 species 0.084 pleistocene 0.082 modern 0.078 |
The Holocene extinction event is a name customarily given to the widespread, ongoing extinction of species occurring in the modern Holocene epoch . The extinctions vary from mammoths to Dodos , to countless species in the rainforest dying every year. Because some believe the rate of this extinction event is comparable to the "Big Five" mass extinctions, it is also known as the Sixth Extinction , though the actual numbers of extinct species are not yet similar to the major mass extinctions of the geologic past. |
| 2004 |
23015 characters 10 sections 23 paragraphs 0 images 100 internal links 1 external links |
1. The prehistoric Holocene extinctions |
extinctions 0.395 megafauna 0.370 extinction 0.318 megafaunal 0.212 extinct 0.210 birds 0.170 arrival 0.130 culture 0.130 holocene 0.129 circa 0.106 clovis 0.106 australian 0.106 argue 0.102 mammals 0.093 disappearance 0.093 |
The Holocene extinction event is a name customarily given to the widespread, ongoing extinction of species occurring in the modern Holocene epoch . In particular, it refers to the remarkable disappearance of the large animals known as megafauna across the world between 13,000 and 9,000 years ago, a disappearance that may well be connected with human beings. |
| 2003 |
12592 characters 0 sections 18 paragraphs 0 images 61 internal links 0 external links |
extinctions 0.547 extinction 0.296 megafaunal 0.289 megafauna 0.232 culture 0.143 pleistocene 0.124 clovis 0.116 australian 0.116 mammals 0.101 modern 0.098 ecologically 0.095 bp 0.095 holocene 0.094 prehistoric 0.093 hypothesis 0.086 |
The Holocene extinction event is the widespread, ongoing extinction of species occurring in the modern Holocene epoch . The current extinction event may be downplayed by the traditional separation of 'Recent' (Holocene) time from the Pleistocene , or ' Ice Age ' extinctions, exemplified in popular imagination by the extinction of the woolly mammoth and the Neanderthal people. Modern climatology suggests that the 'Holocene' epoch we live in is no more than the latest in a series of interglacial intervals between glaciation events, one that will perhaps become artificially extended by global warming . |
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| 2002 |
5139 characters 0 sections 5 paragraphs 0 images 26 internal links 0 external links |
extinction 0.386 megafauna 0.321 background 0.230 event 0.228 argue 0.206 humanity 0.172 homo 0.160 overly 0.160 bodied 0.160 upset 0.160 genera 0.160 mammalian 0.160 optimistic 0.160 extinctions 0.160 debate 0.139 |
It is asserted by some that an extinction event , comparable to others observed in the fossil record, is occurring at present. Most of those asserting that this Holocene extinction event is occurring also assert that humanity is mostly responsible for it. Some specifically identify the start of this event with the dying off of the species Homo neanderthalensis . Many scientists state that the current high extinction rate is mostly due to human activities. There still is debate as to the extent to which the disappearance of megafauna since the end of the last ice age can be attributed to human activites. While climate change is still cited as an important factor, anthropogenic explanations are predominant. |
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| 2001 |
3901 characters 0 sections 13 paragraphs 0 images 19 internal links 0 external links |
homo 0.263 bodied 0.263 genera 0.263 mammalian 0.263 megafauna 0.263 extinctions 0.262 event 0.224 disputes 0.216 assert 0.216 asserting 0.216 thirty 0.189 geologic 0.169 asserted 0.169 killing 0.169 extinction 0.158 |
It is asserted by some that an extinction event , comparable to others observed in the fossil record, is occuring at present. Most of those asserting that this Holocene extinction event is occuring also assert that humanity is entirely responsible for it. Some specifically identify the start of this event with the dying off (or killing off) of the species Homo neanderthalensis . |